Labels:text | screenshot | diagram | line | map OCR: BACKBONE SERVICES CREEP CLOSER TO THE CUSTOMER WAN ATM backbone WAN edge ATM WAN points of presence Local Customer premises Today Intermediate stage Final result @ Long distance carrier control A Local carrier control (approximately 2 years) Figure 1. As competition among service providers in the local loop intensifies, aggregation of traffic in networks such as frame relay will begin to occur at points closer to the customer. Within five years. backbone technologies such as ATM will likely extend all the way to the customer premises.